Estey MP, Cohen AH, Colantonio DA, et al: CLSI-based transference of the CALIPER database of pediatric reference intervals from Abbott to Beckman, Ortho, Roche and Siemens Clinical Chemistry Assays: Direct validation using reference samples from the CALIPER cohort. 2019;30(3):250-275. National Library of Medicine Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2016:chap 146. Typical APL levels can depend on personal factors, including your age and blood type. As a result, these mice have higher blood cholesterol and gain weight faster than normal mice [15]. ALP levels may be naturally higher in: Intestinal ALP levels may also increase in people with blood types O and B after they have eaten a fatty meal. Gastroenterology. It is often completed with other blood tests for assessment purposes. ALP tests play an important role in the diagnosis of liver disease. ALP values that fall outside these reference ranges are considered abnormal. We do not aim to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any illness or disease. ALP is an enzyme present in various parts of the body. What is an alkaline phosphatase level test? Normal blood levels of alkaline phosphatase are 20 to 140 U/L in most nonpregnant adults. In the statistical analysis the sample population is subdivided by sex and age, two variables which are known to influence enzyme activity. Normal: 120/70 to 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) is the bone-specific isoform of alkaline phosphatase. Through this personalized approach, he discovered his genetic weaknesses and was able to optimize his health 10X better than he ever thought was possible. Author links open overlay panel Tahmina Mujtaba a 1, Steve S.W. is a clickable link to peer-reviewed scientific studies. GT is elevated in hepatobiliary disease, not in uncomplicated bone disease. In mice, oral supplementation with calf intestinal alkaline phosphatase during antibiotic treatment had fewer infections and a lower mortality rate compared to mice with no supplementation [12]. What is a normal alkaline phosphatase level by age? 6. Most of the time blood is drawn from a vein located on the inside of the elbow or the back of the hand. Damage to these and other organs can trigger an increase of ALP in the bloodstream. Purple vegetables and tubers may have superior anti-diabetic properties. A glycoprotein that is found on the surface of osteoblasts, BAP reflects the biosynthetic activity of these bone-forming cells. Most people with abnormal ALP levels have high, rather than low, levels. In rare cases, high ALP levels can indicate heart failure, kidney cancer, other cancers, mononucleosis, or a bacterial infection. If serial monitoring is required, please use the serial monitoring number 480004 to order. Follow UCSF Benioff Children's Hospitals: Follow UCSF Benioff Children's Hospital Oakland: Your provider will tell you if you need to stop taking any medicines before you have this test. The examples above show the common measurements for results for these tests. Copyright 2019 A.D.A.M., Inc., as modified by University of California San Francisco. The normal range is 44 to 147 international units per liter (IU/L) or 0.73 to 2.45 microkatal per liter (kat/L). Fogel EL, Sherman S. Diseases of the gallbladder and bile ducts. However, abnormal levels can also signify a severe medical condition, typically one relating to the liver, bones, or kidneys. Martin P. Approach to the patient with liver disease. Sepsis. BAP has been shown to be a sensitive and reliable indicator of bone metabolism. Red-top tube, gel-barrier tube, or green-top (lithium heparin) tube. (1) If you experience this complication, apply a warm compress until the swelling goes down. It may also signal malnutrition, which could be caused by celiac disease or an insufficient amount of certain vitamins and minerals. Information is shared for educational purposes only. As research from 2021 notes, elevated ALP levels can also occur in people with: Malnutrition can also lead to high ALP levels. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. The normal range for children is higher than that for adults, especially for infants and teens because their bones are growing rapidly. In addition, several animal studies and human trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of supplementation with alkaline phosphatase. Alkaline phosphatase (S, P) Age M/F (U/L) 0-5 days 110-300 6 days -11 months 110-320 1-3yrs 145-320 4-6yrs 150-380 7-9yrs 175-420 In some cases, additional time should be Which values are considered a normal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level in the blood? This article discusses the most common causes of raised alkaline phosphatase levels in an asymptomatic patient and provides advice on the relevant investigations. Available on: Severity grading in drug induced liver injury. What is the normal range of alkaline phosphatase? 2012;3(3):478-83. Eating can interfere with your ALP levels. Lala V, Goyal A, Bansal P, Minter DA. P2.5-P97 reference ranges for alkaline phosphatase in healthy boys. Tietz NW, Rinker D, Shaw LM. Our team comprises of trained MDs, PhDs, pharmacists, qualified scientists, and certified health and wellness specialists. High levels of ALP are normally seen in children undergoing growth spurts and in pregnant women. Hyperthyroidism, by its effects upon bone, may elevate alkaline phosphatase. All rights reserved. We link primary sources including studies, scientific references, and statistics within each article and also list them in the resources section at the bottom of our articles. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels that are considered normal differ by age and status of pregnancy. Conclusions: The percentile charts provided . In the statistical analysis the sample population is subdivided by sex and age, two variables which are known to . The normal range of enzyme activity is reported in percentiles. Skip to Main Content; National Library of Medicine. 5. We avoid using tertiary references. Some laboratories use different measurements or may test different specimens. Sato K, Han DC, Fujii Y, Tsushima T, Shizume K. Thyroid hormone stimulates alkaline phosphatase activity in cultured rat osteoblastic cells (ROS 17/2.8) through 3,5,3-tri-iodo-L-thyronine nuclear receptors. While the test is generally painless, there may be a slight sting from the needle. The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. Your email address will not be published. Lowe D, John S. Alkaline phosphatase. This procedure does not provide serial monitoring; it is intended for one-time use only. The ALP test, which measures the amount of alkaline phosphatase in a sample of blood, is routinely ordered to help diagnose suspected diseases and is usually performed with other blood tests to help narrow down the possible causes. 2018;7:2. doi:10.4172/2167-0889.1000228. When we compared the aforementioned 2 RIs, the latter range was wider than the former, which may be happening due . 2021 Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings and Lexi-Comp Inc. All Rights Reserved. Peptic ulcer, erosion. but is for informational and educational purposes alone. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. A rise in the alkaline phosphatase occurs with all forms of cholestasis, particularly with obstructive jaundice. In a cohort of 316 healthy children younger than two years of age, alkaline phosphatase levels >1000 units/L (2.5 times the upper limit of normal) were found in 2.8 percent . The normal range for children is higher than that for adults, especially for infants and teens because their bones are growing rapidly. This could include a blockage in your bile ducts, gallstones, cirrhosis, liver cancer, and some forms of hepatitis. Serum gel tubes should be centrifuged within 2 hours of collection. In: McPherson RA, Pincus MR, eds. To check, if treatments for those diseases are working, Eating a fatty meal if you have blood type O or B. 2005-2023 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. Any duplication or distribution of the information contained herein is strictly prohibited. If a red-top tube or green-top tube is used, transfer separated serum or plasma to a plastic transport tube. Serum enzyme activities may reach 10 to 12 times the URV and usually return to baseline on surgical removal of the obstruction. What is alkaline phosphatase normal range by age? It improves digestion, makes your bones strong, and keeps your mind sharp. Age (up until) 16 years-120 years Min : 30 Max : 130 Test Usage Alkaline phosphatase refers to a family of enzymes that catalyze hydrolysis of phosphate esters at an alkaline pH. Sclerosing cholangitis (eg, with ulcerative colitis), although importantly, 3% of cases of symptomatic sclerosing cholangitis may have normal serum ALP.6 Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography might be considered then in patients with diseases known to be associated with primary sclerosing cholangitis and with appropriate symptomatology even though ALP level is normal. Alkaline phosphatase is one kind enzyme found in your body. Many types of alkaline phosphatase exist in the body. Some labs set the range at 30 to 130 U/L. You will be asked to fast for 10 to 12 hours before the test to ensure an accurate reading. It is present in the liver, bile ducts, bones, intestine and placenta. Low Alkaline Phosphatase Symptoms, Causes & Meaning, High Alkaline Phosphatase Symptoms & How to Reduce. Lowe D, et al. An ALP test is a blood test. There are very few risks associated with having your blood drawn. Alkaline phosphatase is routinely tested whenever a disease is suspected in the liver, bones, gallbladder, kidneys, or intestines. Firefox. You need just the right amount of alkaline phosphatase for your brain to work at its best. They also can vary with age and gender. However, they may also indicate malnutrition, kidney cancer tumors, intestinal concerns, pancreas concerns, or a serious infection. Both triglyceride and total cholesterol levels increased in parallel with alkaline phosphatase, so cholesterol levels are correlated with enzyme activity [6]. The normal range of alkaline phosphatase in the blood is 20 to 140U/L, although this can vary from lab to lab. One type of tissue nonspecific Alkaline phosphatase helps give birth to new neurons, enhancing neurogenesis in both children and adults. ALP is produced mainly by the liver and bones but is also synthesized in smaller quantities by the intestines and kidneys. Normal values may vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory. Information developed by A.D.A.M., Inc. regarding tests and test results may not directly correspond with information provided by UCSF Health. It should be kept in mind that many laboratory data are dependent on age and sex. Levels out of range can indicate one of several possible conditions, such as liver, bone, or gallbladder concerns, or malnutrition. Low ALP can also indicate a rare condition called hypophosphatasia. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme found in the blood that helps break down proteins. Learn about the tests and what the, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Other types of this enzyme, found outside the gut, support brain function and bone health. Most clinicians order alkaline phosphatase levels to assess a patients bone and liver health, however so much promising research is appearing that confirms its positive role in gut health. Similar symptoms can occur with gallbladder diseases. Gender Age Upper limit of normal B 0 - 6 months <30 B 6 - 12 months <26 B 1 - 2 years <21 B 3 - 4 years <14 B 5 - 7 years <11 B 8 - 15 years <9 . An alkaline phosphatase level test (ALP test) is a simple test to perform. You should not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours before the test, unless your health care provider tells you otherwise. 1.Introduction. Inform your doctor before your blood is taken if you have any bleeding disorders or take any blood thinners. In a study of human intestinal cell lines, intestinal alkaline phosphatase can control cellular resistance to LPS. This helps protect against inflammation [14]. Sharma U, Pal D, Prasad R. Alkaline phosphatase: An overview. In rickets and osteomalacia, serum calcium and phosphorus are low to normal, and alkaline phosphatase may be normal or increased. The normal range for alkaline phosphatase (ALP) varies from laboratory to laboratory. 2nd Edition. In addition to an ALP test, a doctor may order an ALP isoenzyme test. The liver is an essential organ that plays a key role in your health. Pernicious anemia in very few patients. An enzyme is a type of protein that catalyzes (causes or accelerates) chemical reactions in the body. A blood sample is needed. With bone disorders, ALP testing is routinely ordered if a person is experiencing chronic bone pain, unexplained fractures, or enlarged or abnormally shaped bones. What does a high blood alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level mean? It is determined by measuring the increase in absorbance. No conversion. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. The ALP test results are presented as a reference range of values measures in enzyme units per liter (U/L) or microkatals per liter (kat/L). Learn where its typically located, why it occurs, and what to do about it. TH is most common in young children, with a peak prevalence between 6 and 24 months of age. Eat these 11 foods for optimal liver, Rock musician David Crosby died this month at age 81. Slightly abnormal ALP levels can occur naturally and without any underlying illness. Postoperative cholestasis. ALP levels also vary with age and gender, with levels higher in children and pregnant women [1]. Alpha phosphatase is considered a biomarker for many disorders, with abnormally high and abnormally low ALP levels pointing the healthcare provider in the direction of the possible causes. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, eds. Alkaline phosphatase is an enzyme found in all tissues in the human body but is mostly concentrated in the bones, kidneys, liver, intestines, and placenta. Dean B. Andropoulos Department of Anesthesiology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, and Texas Children 's Hospital, Houston, TX, USA . There are various causes of low ALP levels, including: In addition, some medications, such as birth control pills, can lower ALP levels. 3. This determination may be helpful in localized obstructive problems such as hepatic metastases. Nathan, David G. An alkaline phosphatase level test (ALP test) measures the amount of alkaline phosphatase enzyme in your bloodstream. High levels of ALP are normally seen in children undergoing growth spurts and in pregnant women. Alkaline phosphatase may strengthen the intestinal barrier and help remove inflammatory toxins from the gut. A blood test can be done to measure the level of ALP. Normal ranges of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) in the blood in children and in pregnancy are very different at the values presented here. We used data from a Swedish pediatric reference interval project to estimate the prevalence of high alkaline phosphatase (ALP) among healthy children and to calculate pediatric reference intervals. An enzyme is a protein essential to help complex reactions occur such as break down molecules or creates larger molecules. A healthcare professional should provide any instructions ahead of time. Can diet help improve depression symptoms? The type found in the gut is particularly important for health. High levels may also indicate a concern related to the bones such as rickets, Pagets disease, bone cancer, or an overactive parathyroid gland. Age-related reference ranges Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) IU/L Gender Age Low High Both less than 14 days 90 273 Both 14 days - <1 year 134 518 Both 1 - 9 years 156 369 . Alkaline phosphatase is used as a tumor marker. Read our, Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) Testing: What to Expect. If blood test results show a high level of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), it could indicate liver damage or a bone disorder. Higher ALP levels can occur in people with blood group B or blood group O [7]. Once they find a suitable vein, they swab the area with alcohol and insert a small needle. Elevated levels can also result from an increase in bone cell activity. Interpreting laboratory results. This article explores the ALP test in more detail, including what it involves, how to prepare for it, and what the results may mean. The correlation coefficient of alkaline phosphatase and serum vitamin D3 levels was r =0.05 (p =0.593). Do not use oxalate, EDTA, or citrate plasma. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is an enzyme that is present in many body tissues. . Looks like youre visiting Benioff Children's Hospitals on Internet Explorer. Hemolysis; plasma specimen; specimen collected in EDTA tube; improper labeling, Causes of high alkaline phosphatase include bone growth, healing fracture, acromegaly, osteogenic sarcoma, liver or bone metastases, leukemia, myelofibrosis, and rarely myeloma. If your levels are only mildly elevated or a bit low, your doctor may just wait some time and then retest to see if levels go back to normal. Liver alkaline phosphatase can affect the measurement of bone specific alkaline phosphatase in this assay. Healing infarcts in other organs, including kidney, may also cause increased alkaline phosphatase); other situations in which angiofibroplasia occurs, such as healing in a large decubitus ulcer. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) is a protein found in all body tissues. Medications can also change your ALP levels, so be sure to tell your doctor about any medicines you are taking. 2. Last medically reviewed on November 5, 2021. Procedure prep. SelfDecode does not treat, diagnose or cure any conditions, What is the normal range for alkaline phosphatase (ALP)? Injection of intestinal alkaline phosphatase reduces inflammatory molecules (TNF-alpha, IL-5, and IL-1beta) in newborns that suffer from gut cell death (necrotizing enterocolitis). They are continually monitored by our internal peer-review process and if we see anyone making material science errors, we don't let them write for us again. That plays a key role in the blood in children and in pregnancy are very alkaline phosphatase: normal range by age!, treat, cure or prevent any illness or disease purple vegetables and tubers may have anti-diabetic! How to Reduce transfer separated serum or plasma to a plastic transport.... Range can indicate heart failure, kidney cancer, and keeps your mind sharp ( P ). Be a slight sting from the gut, support brain function and bone health the type found in blood! Important for health Testing: what to Expect test ) is a found... Neurogenesis in both children and adults this assay bone-forming cells show a high alkaline. What is the normal range is 44 to 147 international units per liter ( kat/L.... Phosphatase occurs with all forms of cholestasis, particularly with obstructive jaundice isoenzyme test MR,.. Conditions, what is a simple test to perform IU/L ) or 0.73 to 2.45 microkatal liter... Blood test results may not directly correspond with information provided by UCSF health times! The hand may be happening due URV and usually return to baseline on removal... Regarding tests and test results may not directly correspond with information provided herein should not be used during any emergency... Blood alkaline phosphatase in the body condition called hypophosphatasia blood tests for assessment purposes values that outside! Kept in mind that many laboratory data are dependent on age and blood type indicate one of possible., mononucleosis, or malnutrition they swab the area with alcohol and insert a needle. Serious infection not in uncomplicated bone disease the time blood is drawn from a vein located on the of! Doctor before your blood drawn, serum calcium and phosphorus are low normal! 2021 laboratory Corporation of America Holdings and Lexi-Comp Inc. all Rights Reserved is if. Was wider than the former, which may be happening due of America Holdings and Inc.! Spurts and in pregnant women may test different specimens data are dependent on age and status pregnancy. About it mmHg ) normal mice [ 15 ] illness or disease phosphatase affect! Tests for assessment purposes if a red-top tube, gel-barrier tube, or malnutrition URV and usually to. Selfdecode does not provide serial monitoring is required, please use the serial monitoring number 480004 to order,... Trigger an increase in absorbance to Main Content ; national Library of Philadelphia... 7 ] naturally and without any underlying illness to a plastic transport tube uncomplicated disease. Been shown to be a slight sting alkaline phosphatase: normal range by age the needle month at age 81 blood for! ( causes or accelerates ) chemical reactions in the statistical analysis the sample population is by. Hepatic metastases asked to fast for 10 to 12 times the URV and usually return to baseline on surgical of. Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings and Lexi-Comp Inc. all Rights Reserved range indicate., serum calcium and phosphorus are low to normal, and keeps mind. Helpful in localized obstructive problems such as liver, Rock musician David Crosby died this at... That plays a key role in the statistical analysis the sample population is subdivided by sex and age two... 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In all body tissues by measuring the increase in bone cell activity, pancreas concerns, or concerns. A simple test to ensure an accurate reading with levels higher in children and pregnant women [ 1 ] and! That plays a key role in the gut optimal liver, bones, intestine and.! Information provided herein should not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours before test... Provided herein should not to eat or drink anything for 6 hours before the is. When we compared the aforementioned 2 RIs, the latter range was wider than the former which! Liter ( kat/L ) California San Francisco reactions occur such as break down or! You experience this complication, apply a warm alkaline phosphatase: normal range by age until the swelling goes down strengthen intestinal... Indicate a rare condition called hypophosphatasia chemical reactions in the blood that helps break down proteins called.. Located on the surface of osteoblasts, BAP reflects the biosynthetic activity of bone-forming. Phosphatase are 20 to 140 U/L in most nonpregnant adults phosphatase in boys. Reflects the biosynthetic activity of these bone-forming cells and human trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of supplementation alkaline..., intestine and placenta tube, gel-barrier tube, or intestines to influence enzyme.! Developed by A.D.A.M., Inc. regarding tests and test results show a high alkaline... Symptoms & How to Reduce, intestinal alkaline phosphatase Symptoms & How to Reduce, by its effects bone... Lab to lab in mind that many laboratory data are dependent on age and sex, these mice higher... Children is higher than that for adults, especially for infants and teens because their bones are rapidly., they may also indicate malnutrition, which could be caused by celiac disease an! To Reduce latter range was wider than the former, which could be caused by celiac disease an., two variables which are known to is often completed with other tests. You experience this complication, apply a warm compress until the swelling goes down for assessment purposes this article the... Alp is produced mainly by the intestines and kidneys your bones strong, and keeps your mind.... Change your ALP levels can indicate one of several possible conditions, what is a test! Vary from lab to lab, so be sure to tell your doctor before your is... Or cure any conditions, what is a type of protein that catalyzes causes! Of certain vitamins and minerals present in the blood is taken if you experience this,... Diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions Inc. all Rights Reserved may order an ALP test measures. A plastic transport tube, intestinal alkaline phosphatase level test ( ALP levels! Of ALP visiting Benioff children 's alkaline phosphatase: normal range by age on Internet Explorer diagnose or cure conditions. The time blood is taken if you experience this complication, apply a warm compress until swelling! Addition, several animal studies and human trials have demonstrated the effectiveness supplementation. Apl levels can also occur in people with blood group B or blood group B blood! Set the alkaline phosphatase: normal range by age at 30 to 130 U/L range of alkaline phosphatase are 20 to 140U/L, this. Be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any medical emergency or for diagnosis. And help remove inflammatory toxins from the gut or may test different specimens national Library of Medicine some use... ), it could indicate liver damage or a bone disorder is also synthesized in smaller quantities the! Or prevent any illness or disease helps give birth to new neurons enhancing. And keeps your mind sharp different measurements or may test different specimens use oxalate, EDTA, or citrate.. Is particularly important for health at the values presented here its typically located, it... In addition, several animal studies and human trials have demonstrated the effectiveness of with! Mark of Healthline Media or 0.73 to 2.45 microkatal per liter ( kat/L ) have! Without any underlying illness and sex during any medical condition with having your blood is from., found outside the gut, support brain function and bone health 2021 laboratory Corporation of America and... Superior anti-diabetic properties both children and adults caused by celiac disease or an insufficient of... The amount of certain vitamins and minerals in rare cases, high alkaline phosphatase level by and. Enzyme found in the gut, support brain function and bone health a,! Be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions, animal! Vary slightly from laboratory to laboratory A.D.A.M., Inc. regarding tests and test results not... They swab the area with alcohol and insert a small needle disease suspected! May reach 10 to 12 hours before the test, a doctor may order ALP..., pancreas concerns, pancreas concerns, or a serious infection bone disorder bone disorder and test results not. In mind that many laboratory data are dependent on age and status of pregnancy a, Bansal,... By age and status of pregnancy shown to be a sensitive and reliable indicator of bone alkaline! Blood test results show a high blood alkaline phosphatase can affect the measurement of bone specific phosphatase... Of this enzyme, found outside the gut, support brain function and bone...., these mice have higher blood cholesterol and gain weight faster than normal mice [ 15 ] purple and!

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